Nano Research & Applications

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Acute Lung Injury (ALI) in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and lung injury (ALI) are a frequent and serious complication of sepsis that contributes significantly to mortality. This study aims to assess the capacity of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NP) to reduce lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI and ALI in male Sprague Dawley rats. An intravenous dose of 0.5 mg/kg CeO₂ NP was administered at the onset of sepsis. This intervention significantly reduced tubular dilation, brush border loss, membrane regularity loss, and membrane damage. These changes were accompanied by diminished sepsis-induced increases in the kidney injury biomarkers, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, calbindin, kidney injury marker-1 (KIM-1), cystatin-C, and osteopontin. This attenuation of renal injury resulted in decreased oxidative stress, attenuated endoplasmic reticulum stress protein GRP-78 and elF2-α induction, and reduced caspase-3 cleavage. In addition, CeO₂ NP improved lung structure, decreased myeloperoxidase activity, reduced oxidative stress, and diminished cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Based on these studies, CeO₂ NPs may be useful for the treatment of sepsis-related AKI and ALI, wc =165

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Author(s):

Kevin M Rice Vellaisamy Selvaraj, Nandini DPK Manne, Ravikumar Arvapalli, Michael Hambuchen, Eric R Blough and Miaozong Wu

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