Nano Research & Applications

Description

Understanding the growth mechanisms of branched bimetallic metal alloy nanocrystals is essential for their shape-controlled synthesis due to the difficulty of controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics of growth in a solution system. By adjusting the molar ratio of Pt to Ni in an oleyamine solution; we present a method for controlling the shape of branched PtNi alloy nanocrystals. PtNi alloy nanocrystal morphologies shift from dendrites (less than 5 at percent nickel) to multipods (5–10 at percent nickel), star shapes (10–20 at percent nickel), and polyhedrons (100 at percent nickel), according to in-depth analyses. The growth mechanism shifts from oriented attachment growth to a new one that combines oriented attachment and anisotropic overgrowth, followed by kinetically controlled overgrowth and thermodynamic control growth during morphology evolution. More importantly, we discover that the number of branches in branched PtNi alloy nanocrystals is proportional to the growth direction, which is always along the direction. When compared to commercial Pt catalysts, electrochemical results reveal that highly branched PtNi alloy nanocrystals exhibit significantly increased electrocatalytic activity and durability. The precise control of the synthesis of highly branched PtNi nanocrystals can be precisely controlled using these in-depth findings. Numerous biomedical treatment technologies have been developed and implemented as a result of cancer's urgency as a problem. As a promising technology in biomedical fields, photo-thermal therapy for tumors that allows for precise control is gaining more and more attention.

Nanocrystals have a Favorable Photo-thermal Response

Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions have been successfully developed as the core material in a multi-functional system using the high-temperature solid-phase method in this study. By widely separating the Er3+ and Nd3+ emission bands, optical temperature measurement based on fluorescence intensity ratio increases sensitivity. In the meantime, as the temperature rises, the relative sensitivity rises as well. It is possible to draw the conclusion that the nanocrystals have a favorable photothermal response to the laser pumping power and can even be utilized for photothermal imaging by comparing the fitting curve to the actual temperature. We constructed a multifunctional system that operated on biological tissues on this foundation in order to investigate its optical measurement and photothermal conversion performance. The findings suggest that bio-targeted photothermal therapy could benefit from the newly developed material. Numerous biomedical treatment technologies have been developed and implemented as a result of cancer's urgency as a problem. As a promising technology in biomedical fields, photothermal therapy for tumors that allows for precise control is gaining more and more attention. Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions have been successfully developed as the core material in a multi-functional system using the high-temperature solid-phase method in this study. In the meantime, as the temperature rises, the relative sensitivity rises as well. It is possible to draw the conclusion that the nanocrystals have a favorable photothermal response to the laser pumping power and can even be utilized for photothermal imaging by comparing the fitting curve to the actual temperature. We constructed a multifunctional system that operated on biological tissues on this foundation in order to investigate its optical measurement and photothermal conversion performance. The findings suggest that bio-targeted photothermal therapy could benefit from the newly developed material.

Pharmaceutical nanocrystals are a promising new formulation that combines the advantages of colloidal nanoparticles and bulk crystalline materials. Nanocrystals must meet a number of requirements before being used in vivo, including bioactivity in the target tissue, non-toxicity to healthy cells, and colloidal stability in physiological media. Curcumin, a naturally occurring, poorly water-soluble molecule with a wide range of bioactivity, has been considered a potential substance for the production of pharmaceutical nanocrystals in the current study. Wet milling was used to produce curcumin nanocrystals with sizes between 40 and 90 nm. The following combination of steric and ionic stabilizers was used: Poloxamer 188, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Tween 80, sodium dodecyl sulfate, phospholipids (with and without polyethylene glycol), and their combination. In terms of all of the criteria that were looked at, nanocrystals that were stabilized by a combination of phospholipids and polyethylene glycol proved to be the most effective; they proved to be non-toxic to healthy cells, had low macrophage clearance, and were colloidally stable in all media. Additionally, this curcumin nanoformulation had outstanding anticancer potential, comparable to that of commercially available cytostatics (IC50 = 73 M; 24 hours, HT-29 colorectal carcinoma cell line), which is a significant improvement over previously investigated curcumin formulations. This study demonstrates that pharmaceutically relevant drug concentrations can be achieved by transforming poorly soluble compounds into highly effective "solution-like" drug delivery systems by preparing phospholipid-stabilized nanocrystals. Nanocrystals for photoelectrochemical applications have rarely been made using solvothermal synthesis because it is difficult to achieve uniform size distribution, high dispersion, and high purity.

Bactericidal Nanomaterials

The preparation of CZTS nanocrystals through the use of a solvothermal technique has been simplified in this work. Utilizing different portrayals, and an intensive examination of the photo electrochemical execution, the effects of various sulfur sources and surfactants on the items were explored. Using the right solvents, inexpensive metallic ions, surfactants, and sulfur source, high-quality CZTS nanocrystal films with small particle sizes, high dispersion, and hydrophilic surfaces were created. The product with the highest phase purity and the closest stoichiometric ratio was the one that used Na2S as its sulfur source. According to the results of the photo electrochemical tests, CZTS nanocrystal films containing polyvinylpyrrolidone as a surfactant had a shorter dark current and a quicker response to light. The possibility of bacterial infection in the area of the wound is one example of the dynamic nature of wound healing. Notwithstanding manufactured drugs, other elective substances have been proposed for the end goal of recuperating, like restorative plants, spices, and bactericidal nanomaterials. In this study, we tested the in vivo wound healing activity of Ximenia americana L. stem bark ethanolic extract and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals/silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in Mus musculus mice. In addition, we describe the morphological characteristics of ZnO nanocrystals/AgNPs and the phytochemical profile of X. americana (stem bark). High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the ethanolic extract of X. americana contained bioactive compounds such as catechin, epicatechin, rutin, and myricetin flavonoids. With a concentration of 3.88 g/kg, HPLC spectra demonstrate that catechin is the most predominant component. The pristine hexagonal structure of ZnO nanocrystals/AgNPs was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction patterns.

 Spherical ZnO nanocrystals with an average size of less than 55 nm were visible in the field emission scanning electron microscope image. During the treatment periods, the skin resistance (5 Kgf) of the mice treated with ZnO/AgNPs/Extract was higher than that of the other groups, resulting in a decrease in the number of neutrophils and macrophages causing significant forms in the negative control group. The increase in fibroblasts and collagen fibers indicates a better process of fibroplasia in the ZnO/AgNPs/Extract group. By reducing inflammation and increasing the deposition of collagen fibers, the use of X. americana stem bark extract in conjunction with ZnO/AgNPs assisted in the healing of skin lesions. Electrodeposition was used to make a coating that was a composite of zinc and soybean nanocrystals. By bleaching with a solution of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrolyzing in a solution of sulfuric acid, the coatings were produced in the absence of and in the presence of various concentrations of soybean nanocrystals. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), roughness, hardness, corrosion resistance evaluation, and current efficiency determination were used to examine the effect of nanocrystal addition on coating characteristics. Mass loss and electrochemical measurements were used to measure corrosion resistance at a concentration of 0.5 weight percent NaCl. According to the findings, the presence of soybean nanocrystal improves the Zn coating's corrosion resistance while decreasing its hardness. This effect is linked to the coating's rougher surface.